Martha Aguirre’s brother Herman E. Aguirre was the leader of the organization. He helped Salazar map routes to move drugs through Sinaloa and into the United States. However, he stood up to his father to protect his younger siblings from being beaten. [10][11] He achieved this by pioneering the use of distribution cells and long-range tunnels near borders,[4] which enabled him to export more drugs to the United States than any other trafficker in history. Critics stated that Guzmán's escape highlighted the high levels of corruption within the government, and questioned the government's ability to combat the country's organized crime groups. [221] Guzmán, who had never before acknowledged his drug trafficking to a journalist, told Penn he had a "fleet of narco-submarines, airplanes, trucks and boats" and that he supplied "more heroin, methamphetamine, cocaine and marijuana than anybody else in the world". Instead, the city found itself as the front line in the Mexican Drug War and would see homicides skyrocket as rival cartels fought for control. In one of the rooms was Guzmán, lying in bed with his wife (former beauty queen Emma Coronel Aispuro). [15] 1, a maximum-security prison in Almoloya de Juárez, State of Mexico, on a Federal Police Black Hawk helicopter. Those around him learned that cheating him or going with other competitors—even if they offered better prices—was unwise. February 6, 2018. [223][219] An unnamed Mexican official confirmed that the meeting helped authorities locate Guzmán,[224] with cell phone interceptions and information from American authorities[223] directing Mexican Marines to a ranch near Tamazula, Durango, in the Sierra Madre mountains in western Mexico. Realizing it was more profitable to hand over the operations to their Mexican counterparts, the Colombian cartels gave Félix Gallardo more control over their drug shipments. [33] With few opportunities for employment in his hometown, he turned to the cultivation of opium poppy, a common practice among local residents. His father spent most of the profits on liquor and women and often returned home with no money. Several members of his family, including his brother, one of his sons, and a nephew were killed by Sinaloa's archrival cartels, Los Zetas and the Beltrán Leyva Organization.[89]. He also favored a violent and serious approach when doing business; if any of his drug shipments were not on time, Guzmán would simply kill the smuggler himself by shooting him in the head. [74] Having spotted the white Mercury Grand Marquis car where Guzmán was thought to be hiding, about 20 gunmen of the Tijuana Cartel descended from their vehicles and opened fire at around 4:10 p.m. 2 (also known as "Puente Grande") in Jalisco, after being convicted of three crimes: possession of firearms, drug trafficking and the murder of Cardinal Ocampo (the charge would later be dismissed by another judge). The drug lord then fled to Mexico City and stayed at a hotel for about ten days. [223] To avoid this counter-attack by cartel members, the policemen were told to take their prisoners to a motel on the outskirts of town to wait for reinforcements,[232][233] and later, hand over the prisoners to the marines. [226][227] The two women were later revealed to be Guzmán's personal chefs, who had traveled with him to multiple safe houses. [222], On 2 October, del Castillo and Penn visited Guzmán for seven hours at his hideout in the mountains, with Penn interviewing the fugitive for Rolling Stone magazine. They suggested particular Colombian strategies like creation of special search units ("Bloques de Búsqueda" or Search Blocs), specialized investigation and intelligence units, like DIJIN (Directorate of Criminal Investigation and Interpol) and DIPOL (Directorate of Police Intelligence) and new laws about money laundering and asset forfeiture. He had three unnamed older brothers who reportedly died of natural causes when he was very young. [235], During the raid, five gunmen were killed, six others arrested, and one Marine was wounded. [156], Bob Nardoza, a spokesman for the U.S. attorney's office for the District Court for the Eastern District of New York, announced that U.S. authorities plan to seek the extradition of Guzmán for several cases pending against him in New York and other United States jurisdictions. [186] He asked for a second injunction preventing his extradition on 26 January. Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera , commonly known as "El Chapo" ('Shorty', pronounced [el ˈtʃapo]) because of his 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) stature, is a Mexican drug lord and former leader of the Sinaloa Cartel, an international crime syndicate. However, the drug lord was inside a green Buick sedan a short distance from the target. It was equipped with artificial light, air ducts, and high-quality construction materials. [203], When the news of the escape broke, President Peña Nieto was heading to a state visit in France along with several top officials from his cabinet and many others. A look at the life of notorious drug kingpin, El Chapo, from his early days in the 1980s working for the Guadalajara Cartel, to his rise to power during the '90s as the head of the Sinaloa Cartel and his ultimate downfall in 2016. [19][253][254][255] He was housed at the maximum-security wing of the Metropolitan Correctional Center, New York located in Manhattan. [144][145] Surveillance inside the penitentiary and surrounding areas was increased by a large contingent of law enforcement. [190] In addition, a motorcycle was found in the tunnel, which authorities think was used to transport materials and possibly Guzmán himself. [236], Secretary of the Interior Miguel Ángel Osorio Chong was hosting a reunion with Mexico's ambassadors and consuls when he received a notice from the President on Guzmán's capture. [275] U.S. and Mexican authorities blamed each other for providing the inaccurate information that led to the arrest. [87][267], Guzmán's sons followed him into the drug business, and his third wife, López Pérez, was arrested in 2010, in Culiacán. [107] After four years, the additional efforts had not slowed the flow of drugs or the killings tied to the drug war. Marshals and sequestered from the public while in the courthouse. [280] The month before, the U.S. Treasury Department had announced sanctions against Guzmán's sons Iván Guzmán Salazar and Ovidio Guzmán López under the Kingpin Act. Guzmán oversaw operations whereby mass cocaine, methamphetamine, marijuana,[9] and heroin were produced, smuggled into, and distributed throughout the United States and Europe, the world's largest users. [205][206] Peña Nieto returned to Mexico on 17 July. Throughout the mountains of the states of Sinaloa, Durango, Jalisco, Michoacán and Nayarit, Guzmán constructed large methamphetamine laboratories and rapidly expanded his organization. He was now operating in 17 of the 31 Mexican states. Since his initial steps in organized crime, Guzmán was ambitious and regularly pressed on his superiors to allow him to increase the share of narcotics that were smuggled across the border. Retrouvez tous les détails des 2 … [109][112] U.S. [177] It also alleged that Guzmán laundered more than US$14 billion in drug proceeds along with several other high-ranking drug lords. [268], On the night of 17 June 2012, Obied Cano Zepeda, a nephew of Guzmán's, was gunned down by unknown assailants at his home in the state capital of Culiacán, while hosting a Father's Day celebration. Among the people killed under the alleged orders of Guzmán were Roberto Velasco Bravo (2008), the chief of Mexico's organized crime investigatory division; Rafael Ramírez Jaime (2008), the chief of the arrest division of the Attorney General's Office; Rodolfo Carrillo Fuentes (2004), former leader of the Juárez Cartel, among other criminals from the Tijuana, Los Zetas, Beltrán Leyva, and Juárez crime syndicates. In addition, he claimed that Guzmán's escape was an "affront" to the Mexican government, and that they would not spare any resources in trying to recapture him. Overseeing operations whereby a wide range of drugs was produced, smuggled, and distributed in the U.S., Europe and Asia, he gained notoriety for pioneering the use of tunnels to move drugs, which enabled him to export more narcotics in the U.S. than any other trafficker ever. Guzmán also owned several ranches across Mexico, but most of them were located in the states of Sinaloa, Durango, Chihuahua, and Sonora, where locals working for the drug lord grew opium and marijuana. [20][21], Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera was born on 4 April 1957 into a poor family in the rural community of La Tuna, Badiraguato, Sinaloa, Mexico. [183] The decision of his defense was made after Attorney General Murillo Karam said at a press conference that the U.S. was pushing to formally request his extradition. These suitcases were flown from the U.S. to Mexico City, where corrupt customs agents at the airport made sure the deliveries were not inspected. He gave that same amount to another of his employees to make sure the Sinaloa Cartel ran its day-to-day activities smoothly in case he was gone for some time. Don Sol informe El Chapo de sa nouvelle alliance. [100] He had planned to stay a few days in Mazatlán to see his twin baby daughters before retreating to the mountains. Before he had a chance to speak face-to-face with them, López was killed by Ramón Arellano Félix. El Chapo must fulfill his promise to Pablo Escobar of moving cocaine across the border under a shortened timeline ,or pay the price. Rival narcotics traffickers are believed responsible", "Principales ejecuciones y atentados de los Arellano Félix", "En 1993 dirigí captura de El Chapo: Otto Pérez", "Mexico Arrests Reputed Top Drug Kingpin: Joaquin Guzmán is believed to have been the target of the attack that killed cardinal. “El Chapo” has a history of interference with the judicial processes in Mexico, prompting strict legal procedures following his extradition to the United States (NY Times). [171] The court explained that although Guzmán faces charges in several different courts, he cannot be sentenced for the same crime twice because that would violate Article 23 of the Constitution of Mexico. The Joaquín “El Chapo” Guzmán Timeline was created with the intuitive PowerPoint add-in called Office Timeline, which allows the fast creation of stylish timelines, Gantt charts and other types of similar visuals. [173], On 16 July 2014, Guzmán reportedly helped organize a five-day hunger strike in the prison in cooperation with inmate and former drug lord Edgar Valdez Villarreal (alias "La Barbie"). [79] Pictures of Guzmán's face, previously unknown to the public, started to appear in newspapers and television across Mexico. [29] He has two younger sisters named Armida and Bernarda and four younger brothers named Miguel Ángel, Aureliano, Arturo, and Emilio. [76][77] Amidst the shootout and confusion, Guzmán escaped and headed to one of his safe houses in Bugambilias, a neighborhood 20 minutes away from the airport. [256] He pled not guilty on 20 January to a 17-count indictment in the United States District Court in New York. He later supervised logistics for Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, one of the nation's leading kingpins in the mid 1980s, but Guzmán founded his own cartel in 1988 after Gallardo's arrest. El Chapo tries to keep his promise to Elba, but when Graciela is compromised, he informs her of his new plan. With this act, Guzmán was the first to break the nonaggression "pact" the major cartels had agreed to, setting in motion the fighting between cartels for drug routes that has claimed more than 60,000 lives since December 2006. They were also in conflict over the allegiance of the Flores brothers, Margarito and Pedro, leaders of a major, highly lucrative cell in Chicago responsible for distributing over two tons of cocaine every month. Initially jailed at Federal Social Readaptation Center No. [73], The war between both groups continued for six more months, yet none of their respective leaders was killed. After El Mochomo's arrest, authorities said he was in charge of two hit squads, money laundering, transporting drugs and bribing officials. [189] Guzmán was last seen by security cameras at 20:52 hours near the shower area in his cell. In mid-1993, the Arellano Félix clan sent their top gunmen on a final mission to kill Guzmán in Guadalajara, where he moved around frequently to avoid any possible attacks. [61][62] That same year, the Arellano Félix brothers sent the Venezuelan drug trafficker Enrique Rafael Clavel Moreno to infiltrate Palma's family and seduce his wife Guadalupe Leija Serrano. [65] Two weeks later, Clavel killed Palma's children, Héctor (aged 5) and Nataly (aged 4), by throwing them off a bridge in Venezuela. But he might live by his own rules", "US Indictment Shows Escalating Political Battle for Mexico's 'El Chapo, "Mexican Drug Lords El Chapo Guzmán, Ismael Zambada Charged With A Dozen Killings In New U.S. As Francisco Javier was at the Guadalajara International Airport booking his flight to Tijuana, informant tips notified him that Guzmán was at the airport parking lot awaiting a flight to Puerto Vallarta. [285], Obied was a brother of Luis Alberto Cano Zepeda (alias "El Blanco")'s, another nephew of Guzmán's who worked as a pilot drug transporter for the Sinaloa cartel. [146], Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto confirmed the arrest through Twitter and congratulated the Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA), Secretariat of the Navy (SEMAR), Office of the General Prosecutor (PGR), the Federal Police, and the Centro de Investigación y Seguridad Nacional (CISEN) for Guzmán's capture. [91] Hernández later controlled Sinaloa's expansion into Mexico City, but in 2008 her body was found in a trunk, carved with multiple Zs, signifying Los Zetas, Sinaloa's archrivals. It was discovered he had escaped through a tunnel leading from the shower area to a house construction site 1.5 km (0.93 mi) away in a Santa Juanita neighborhood. People he trusted purchased the properties for him and registered them under false names. [28], Few details are known of Guzmán's upbringing. [109][111], That high-profile arrest was followed by the arrest of 11 Beltrán Leyva hit squad members in Mexico City, with police noting that the arrests were the first evidence that Sinaloa had expanded into the capital city. ", "The Eternal Fugitive: El Chapo Territory", "Who Is El Chapo Guzmán, Mexico's Most Elusive Drug Lord? [80][81] On 9 June 1993, Guzmán was arrested by the Guatemalan Army at a hotel near Tapachula, close to the Guatemala–Mexico border. On that day, it recognized the Beltrán Leyva brothers as leaders of their own cartel. Marshals Service. eb37e166-172f-4f5e-a073-970bc4c74624|1|5.0|27604f05-86ad-47ef-9e05-950bb762570c, El Chapo Guzmán Timeline for PowerPoint here, The Project Planning and Gantt Chart Blog, The Best Timeline Software and Timeline Makers of 2020, What Is a Timeline (with Examples and Templates), Project Management conferences to look out for in 2021, How to save time using timeline templates for PowerPoint. Get the advanced features of Office Timeline Plus free for 14 days. [58] Aside from pioneering the tunnels, Palma and Guzmán packed cocaine into chili pepper cans under the brand "La Comadre" before they were shipped to the U.S. by train. [74][78], The night the cardinal was killed, Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari flew to Guadalajara and condemned the attack, stating it was "a criminal act" that targeted innocent civilians, but he did not give any indications of the involvement of organized crime. [12][15][115] Despite the progress made in arresting others in the aftermath of Guzmán's escape, including a handful of his foremost logistics and security men, the huge military and federal police manhunt failed to capture Guzmán for years. She had planned to meet the father of her child in Los Angeles and give birth in the United States. Known as “El Chapo” (meaning “Shorty” in Spanish) due to his 5 ft 6 in (1.68 metres) stature, Guzmán was born on 4th of April 1957 in Sinaloa, Mexico. [78] During his travel, Mexican and Guatemalan authorities were tracking his movements. The region is a major producer of marijuana and opium poppies in Mexico,[120] and its remoteness from the urban areas makes it an attractive territory for the production of synthetic drugs in clandestine laboratories and for its mountains that offer potential hideouts. [211][212] At the press conference, the government placed a $60 million MXN bounty (approximately US$3.8 million) for information that leads to Guzmán's arrest. However, the Beltrán Leyvas and their allies suspected he was behind it,[110] and after Alfredo Beltrán's arrest, a formal "war" was declared. He said he wished to see Guzmán face charges in Mexico, and expressed his disagreement with how the U.S. cuts deals with extradited Mexican criminals by reducing their sentences (as in Vicente Zambada Niebla's case) in exchange for information. [78] He met with one of his associates in an unknown location and handed him US$200 million to provide for his family in case of his absence. [50] Angered by the suspected betrayal, Félix Gallardo and his men exacted revenge when they kidnapped, tortured, and killed Camarena in February 1985. [40], During the 1980s, the leading crime syndicate in Mexico was the Guadalajara Cartel,[41] which was headed by Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo (alias "El Padrino" or "The Godfather"), Rafael Caro Quintero, Ernesto Fonseca Carrillo (alias "Don Neto"), Juan José Esparragoza Moreno (alias El Azul, "The Blue One") and others. No injuries were reported, but the drug lord became fully aware of the intended message. El Chapo has facilitated a lot of American deaths through the violence of … [163][164] Guzmán was initially granted an injunction preventing immediate extradition to the United States. Mexico, however, remained a secondary route for the Colombians, given that most of the drugs trafficked by their cartels were smuggled through the Caribbean and the Florida corridor. [124], Although Guzmán had hidden for long periods in remote areas of the Sierra Madre mountains without being captured, the arrested members of his security team told the military he had begun venturing out to Culiacán and the beach town of Mazatlán. The teachers stayed for a few months before moving to other areas. Indictment", "EXCLUSIVE: Mexican druglord Joaquin (El Chapo) Guzmán charged with 12 murders in new indictment", "Notorious Mexican drug lord 'El Chapo' Guzmán indicted in New York, opening door to possible extradition", "Promueve El Chapo amparo para evitar extradición a EU", "Nuevo amparo del "Chapo" contra extradición", "Busca 'El Chapo' amparo para evitar extradición a Estados Unidos", "Confirmed: U.S. Will Request That Mexico Extradite Drug Lord Joaquín El Chapo Guzmán", "Otorgan a 'El Chapo' segundo amparo contra extradición a EU", "Mexico: Captured drug lord 'Chapo' Guzmán to stay put", "Mexico says drug lord 'Chapo' Guzmán escapes from prison", "Drug lord 'El Chapo' Guzman escapes from Mexico prison -- again", "Seven prison workers charged in connection with 'El Chapo' escape", "Se escapa "El Chapo" por un túnel de 1.5 kilómetros", "Mexico: Drug lord 'El Chapo' Guzman escapes through tunnel", "El Chapo's 2nd Escape Could Paralyze Mexico's National Security Plans", "Notorious Mexican Drug Lord 'El Chapo' Escapes Prison for Second Time", "Huge manhunt in Mexico as drug lord Chapo Guzmán tunnels out of prison", "Drug lord Chapo Guzman tunnels out of maximum-security Mexico prison", "Emiten alerta internacional por fuga de El Chapo", "Declaran 31 por fuga de el Chapo, entre ellos el director del penal", "Mexican Drug Lord 'El Chapo' Guzmán Escapes From Prison", "Una noticia congeló el vuelo presidencial a Francia", "Osorio Chong regresa a México por fuga del Chapo", "Osorio Chong regresa a México por fuga de 'El Chapo, "Fuga de 'el Chapo' Guzmán es una "afrenta" al Estado mexicano: Peña", "Stunning Escape of Joaquín 'El Chapo' Guzmán Fuels Mexicans' Cynicism", "U.S. Officials Cite Intelligence Drug Lord 'El Chapo' Guzmán Was Plotting Escape", "Osorio Chong encabeza reuniones para recapturar a Guzmán", "Osorio encabezará reunión de seguridad para buscar a 'El Chapo, "PGR ofrece 60 mdp de recompensa por 'El Chapo, "La asesoría en Colombia para la captura de 'El Chapo, "Kate del Castillo: Meet the Star Playing a Big Part in El Chapo's Real-Life Drama", "El Chapo Guzman: Extradition to US could take 'at least year, "El Chapo Guzmán, 'World's Most Powerful Drug Trafficker,' Receives Special Request From Mexican Actress, Kate Del Castillo", Sean Penn Met With ‘El Chapo’ for Interview in His Hide-Out, "The Manhunt for the Drug Kingpin El Chapo", "Sean Penn interview helped locate drug lord", "Cellphone Signals Suggest 'El Chapo' Hid in Mexican Mountains: Sources", "Marina de México emite comunicado oficial sobre "El Chapo, "El Chapo: Notorious Mexican Drug Kingpin Captured by Authorities", "Así se capturó a Joaquín Loera Guzmán, 'El Chapo', el prófugo más buscado del mundo", "Policía Federal enfrenta a marinos y entrega al 'Chapo, "Mexican Drug Lord 'El Chapo' Recaptured", "Osorio Chong recibió una tarjeta, se apartó y llamó a EPN", "Once Noticias – Embajadores y cónsules aplauden la reaprehensión de "El Chapo" Guzmán", "Santos felicita a Peña Nieto por recaptura de "El Chapo", importante socio de las Farc", "U.S. indicates Washington wants 'El Chapo' extradited", "Mexico: 'El Chapo' extradition could take up to six years", "A federal judge who ruled on some of Mexico's highest profile criminal cases was gunned down in broad daylight", A look at the extradition process for 'El Chapo' Guzman, Coming to America: Why the El Chapo extradition could take years, "El Chapo's extradition process set to begin", "Mexican drug lord 'El Chapo' faces life sentence in U.S. prison", "Estados Unidos no ejecutará a El Chapo Guzmán si es extraditado", "El Chapo, if convicted, would likely do time in 'Supermax' prison", "Mexico says it has extradited drug lord Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman to U.S.", "Top Mexican drug lord 'El Chapo' extradited to U.S.", "Mexico Says Drug Lord 'El Chapo' Guzman Extradited to US", "Drug lord 'El Chapo' headed to New York jail from Mexico", Judge delays start of 'El Chapo' trial by two months, 'El Chapo' promises not to kill any jurors, lawyer says, The identities of the jurors in Mexican cartel kingpin 'El Chapo' Guzman's federal trial will be kept secret, Wanted: 12 People Willing to Serve as Jurors in El Chapo Trial, "Closing Arguments Heard In Trial Of Joaquin 'El Chapo' Guzmán", "Mexico's El Chapo sentenced to life in prison", "El Chapo trial: Mexican drug lord Joaquín Guzmán gets life in prison", "After two escapes, 'El Chapo' may go to 'Supermax' prison to avoid a third", "Women, the Achilles heel of 'El Chapo' Guzman", "Wife of Fugitive Mexican Drug Lord Arrested, Press Says", "Emma Coronel- El Chapo's young American Wife", "Mexican police detain drug kingpin's father-in-law", "Drug lord's wife has twins in Los Angeles County hospital", "Mujeres de 'El Chapo': Las seduce con dinero y amenaza con armas", "Jesus Alfredo Guzmán Salazar Arrested? [87], His nomadic existence allowed him to nurture contacts throughout the country. [271], On 15 February 2005, Guzmán's son Iván Archivaldo, known as "El Chapito", was arrested in Guadalajara on money laundering charges. [190][191] After the guards did not see him for twenty-five minutes on surveillance video, personnel went looking for him. 1, area #20, Hallway #1, on the same day of his capture on 22 February 2014. [1][179], On 11 November 2014, a federal court in Sinaloa granted Guzmán an injunction for weaponry charges after the judge determined that the arrest was not carried out the way the Mexican Navy reported it. [288], Martin Corona, the chief assassin for a rival cartel of Sinaloa's who mistakenly killed a priest when aiming at Guzmán, published a tell-all memoir titled Confessions of a Cartel Hit Man in 2017. [87], While he was in prison, Guzmán's drug empire and cartel continued to operate unabated, run by his brother, Arturo Guzmán Loera, known as El Pollo, with Guzmán himself still considered a major international drug trafficker by Mexico and the U.S. even while he was behind bars. [278][279][280], The U.S. Treasury Department described Salazar as Guzmán's wife, in its sanction against her, and described Guzmán as her husband. The “El Chapo 701” brand gets its name from a Forbes listing in 2009 that ranked him the 701st richest person in the world. In fears of a coup, however, Caro Payán fled to Canada and was later arrested. One of Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzman's trusted hitmen kept a murder room -- which featured a drain in the floor to expedite cleanup following messy executions, a …